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The Chaffinch

Common name: Chaffinch

Scientific name: Fringilla coelebs

Description :
Colour: The head and the nape of the male’s neck is a slate blue colour. Its back is brown and it has a reddish brown chest. The wings have black and white bands. The female is olive green on part of her back and part of her underbelly is paler.


Height: 15 cm. Wingspan  24-28 cm.
Beak: cone shaped and sturdy, capable of breaking and opening seeds.

Feet: The feet are adapted to hanging on branches. the three front digits and the back digit are well developed and very mobile to give strength and support.

Reproduction : They lay 6 to 7 eggs, covering them for 2 weeks.

Diet: They eat seeds, vegetables and small invertebrates.

Habitat: They like woods, gardens and open land dotted with trees.

Migration: In winter they migrate across eastern or southern Europe

Conservation: protected species

Cry or song: The famous chaffinch’s song rises suddenly and sharply like the dialect and the modulations of the human language that are passed down from generation to generation.

Its song is also warbling, melodious and famous which provides us with the saying “ Singing like a bird” and for his joyful nature one says the same “happy as a chaffinch”



The chaffinch is a migratory bird which is very common in Europe. The male is long- 15cm, He has a slate blue neck and nape, his back is chestnut brown,  his spine is greenish and his chest is red. His wings are spotted with white and in flight the feathers of his tail are also white. The female’s back has one part a bright deep olive and her stomach is paler. The Chaffinch widespread in Italy. It builds its nest in woods, hedges, gardens and often it has 2 clutches in the same year. In spring it causes serious damage to the fruit trees, because it feeds on the flower buds.  It is found in central Europe and up to the Arctic Circle. In winter it emigrates to southern and eastern Europe as far as central    

Africa, sometimes the males and females fly separately. The young males are taught how to sing by the adults. The song of the birds  varies from country to country.

The chaffinch of the snow, similar species makes its nest in Scandinavia and in winter they migrate to the south and west. It lays 6 to 8 eggs. In flight its white spine contrasts with its black wings and tail.

photo : Alain Fossé